A SECRET WEAPON FOR DIAGNOSTIC PATHOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

TMAO is connected to the intake of quaternary amines, such as betaine, choline and L-carnitine, which are commonly present in vegetables, fruits, meat and seafood and are well-acknowledged bacterial osmoprotectants.179 180 Many gut bacteria like various Proteobacteria can change these quaternary ammonium ions via TMA lyase and its activating enzyme